Improvement in roofing-tiles



F. WATERS. Roofing-Tile.

No. 219,044, Patented Aug. 26, 1879,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

I FRANK WATERS, ()F CAMBRIDGE, COUNTY OF CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND.

IM PROVEM ENT IN ROOFING-Tl LES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 219,044, dated August26, 1879; application filed November 15, 1878; patented in England,September 18, 1876.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK WATERS, of Cambridge, in the county ofCambridge, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in\Roofing-Tiles, and in the method of uniting or keying the sametogether, of which the following is a specification.

This invention i that for which British gletters Patentw were filed byme une 3, 1876.

The object of this invention" is so to improve the roll and filletroofing-tile as to reduce the height of uch roll and fillet above theplain surface of the tile, and thus to give the tile a neater and,lighter appearance; also, to more securely unite together or interlocksuch tiles when being laid, which object I attain by the followingmeans.

In order that the said invention may be more fully understood and bemore readily performed, I will explain the same with the aid of theaccompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, referencebeing made thereto by the numerals and letters marked thereon, and whichreference applies to each figure of the said drawings where the sameindex numerals and letters appear.

Figure 1 is a plan view of the upper side of the said improved tiled,Fig. 2 is a plan view of the under side of such tile. Fig. 3 isalongitudinal section through the center of the said tile. Fig. 4; is asectional elevation of the lower orfront end of the said tile, and showsthe method ,of keying such tiles together. Fig. 5 is an elevation of theupper or back end of thew'said tile. Fig. 6 shows a number of thessaidtiles as they appear when laid on a roof.

Instead of forming the roll a and fillet Z) entirely upon or above theupper face, c, of the tile, such roll a and fillet b are made partlyprojecting above and partly below the said upper face, 0, (see Figs. 3,4., and 5,) which makes the upward projections of the tiles when laidmuch less than those heretofore used.

The rolls a and fillets b may be of any suitable or convenient form incross-section; but by preference I make the fillet b cylindrical, orthereabout, and smaller than usual.

By preference, also, the roll a is made cylindrical and hollow, with agroove, (0, formed through the outer part thereof to receive therein theflat or plain part of the adjoining tile, as shown in Fig. 4.

- The hood d and cavity 6, formed at or near the center part of the[ends of the tile for receiving the roll a, have only about one-half theprojection hithertoagiven to such kinds of tile. l

The present improvements render these dical roll a of the adjoiningtile, (see Fig. 4,) v

and lay them side by side, and so on with the other tiles along thelength of the roof. A row of these tiles so interlocked and truly laidform practically one long tile, and can not be displaced by any ordinarywinds or stor1n s. ,..The'next row of such tiles is laid in thejisameway, the end of each roll a of this second" row of tiles being placed inthe cavities e, formedin the upper parts of the tiles below, and thhoodsd of the said second row of tiles overlappingthe upper parts of therolls a of the said'tiles below, and so on until the entire side of aroof is covered.

I preferably make the tiles for the outside up and down rows upon theside edges of the roof Without the fillet b, and the bottom row oftiles, or the eave s,"are made without the hood d, and are provided witha flange underneath their lower ends of about the same thickness as theplain portion of the tile, or flush with the lower part of theroll at.

These tiles may be ffiadeof, clay or other suitable plastic material.They may also be cast, and be of glass, slag, metal, and. like materials, and beei'thefplain or ornamental, as"

desired. 7

Having thus fully described the nature of the said invention and themethod of performing the same, without restricting myself to the precisedimensions or details, or to the forms or shapes of the rolls andfillets now illustrated, which admit of considerable variation withoutdeparting from the principles and main characteristics of the saidinvention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent oftheUnited States of America-=- 1. A roofing-tile provided with aninternalranged in an adjacent row, the said cavity bely-cylindrical rolland an eXternally-cylindriing below the upper surface of said tile,suboal fillet for engaging with adjacent tiles, stantially as specified.formed partly above and partly below the plain surface or portionthereof, substantially FRANK WATERS as specified. Witnesses:

2. p A roofing-tile provided upon its side with CHAS. TURNER,

a roll for engagement with an adjacent tile, 5 Park Terrace, Cmnbm'dge,Solicitor. and provided with a hood and cavity for re- HARVEY DAY,ceivin g Within it the roll of a similar tile an 35 Bateman St,Cambridge, Solicitors Clerk.

